The Reformed doctrine of concupiscence therefore goes to the heart of the gospel. It has profound implications for how we understand the whole of Christian faith and life. . . . Here lies the doctrine of concupiscence’s great significance: it is knowing that sin is a matter of the heart that must drive our own discipleship, and shape the pastoral care of Christians in the church.

“The Pastoral Value of the Reformed Doctrine of Concupiscence” by Matthew Roberts in Ad Fontes (Winter 2024), 20.